|
|
||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Delaware
|
|
001-36559
|
|
46-5453215
|
|
(State or Other Jurisdiction
of Incorporation)
|
|
(Commission
File Number)
|
|
(IRS Employer
Identification Number)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
¨
|
Written communications pursuant to Rule 425 under the Securities Act (17 CFR 230.425)
|
|
¨
|
Soliciting material pursuant to Rule 14a-12 under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14a-12)
|
|
¨
|
Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 14d-2(b) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.14d-2(b))
|
|
¨
|
Pre-commencement communications pursuant to Rule 13e-4(c) under the Exchange Act (17 CFR 240.13e-4(c))
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exhibit No.
|
Description
|
|
|
|
|
23.1
|
Consent of Independent Auditor of the Major Energy Companies, PricewaterhouseCoopers, LLP
|
|
99.1
|
Audited Combined Financial Statements of the Major Energy Companies
|
|
99.2
|
Unaudited Combined Financial Statements of the Major Energy Companies
|
|
99.3
|
Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Financial Information
|
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dated: June 15, 2016
|
|
Spark Energy, Inc.
|
||
|
|
|
|
||
|
|
|
By:
|
|
/s/ Robert Lane
|
|
|
|
Name:
|
|
Robert Lane
|
|
|
|
Title:
|
|
Chief Financial Officer
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Principal Financial Officer and Principal Accounting Officer)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exhibit No.
|
Description
|
|
|
|
|
23.1
|
Consent of Independent Auditor of the Major Energy Companies, PricewaterhouseCoopers, LLP
|
|
99.1
|
Audited Combined Financial Statements of the Major Energy Companies
|
|
99.2
|
Unaudited Combined Financial Statements of the Major Energy Companies
|
|
99.3
|
Unaudited Pro Forma Condensed Financial Information
|
|
|
|
2015
|
|
2014
|
||||
|
Assets
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
Current assets
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
|
$
|
4,906,701
|
|
|
$
|
2,968,778
|
|
|
Restricted cash
|
|
76,500
|
|
|
76,500
|
|
||
|
Accounts receivable
|
|
24,142,291
|
|
|
29,975,662
|
|
||
|
Natural gas inventories
|
|
442,666
|
|
|
700,683
|
|
||
|
Deferred advertising costs, current
|
|
1,683,333
|
|
|
1,374,689
|
|
||
|
Other current assets
|
|
6,034,093
|
|
|
4,607,847
|
|
||
|
Total current assets
|
|
37,285,584
|
|
|
39,704,159
|
|
||
|
Customer acquisition costs, net of accumulated amortization
|
|
4,961,029
|
|
|
8,015,088
|
|
||
|
Deferred advertising costs
|
|
918,750
|
|
|
—
|
|
||
|
Fixed assets, net of accumulated depreciation of $11,405 in 2015 and $8,752 in 2014
|
|
15,123
|
|
|
17,776
|
|
||
|
Security deposits and other assets
|
|
47,540
|
|
|
31,426
|
|
||
|
Total assets
|
|
$
|
43,228,026
|
|
|
$
|
47,768,449
|
|
|
Liabilities and Members' Equity
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
Current liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
Accounts payable
|
|
$
|
9,633,148
|
|
|
$
|
10,112,800
|
|
|
Accrued liabilities
|
|
14,569,092
|
|
|
6,975,658
|
|
||
|
Loans payable
|
|
9,418,852
|
|
|
15,324,843
|
|
||
|
Total current liabilities
|
|
33,621,092
|
|
|
32,413,301
|
|
||
|
Other liabilities
|
|
416,668
|
|
|
|
|||
|
Total liabilities
|
|
34,037,760
|
|
|
32,413,301
|
|
||
|
Commitments and contingencies (Note 8)
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
Members' equity
|
|
9,190,266
|
|
|
15,355,148
|
|
||
|
Total liabilities and members' equity
|
|
$
|
43,228,026
|
|
|
$
|
47,768,449
|
|
|
|
|
2015
|
|
2014
|
||||
|
Sale of natural gas and electricity
|
|
$
|
189,228,440
|
|
|
$
|
204,228,844
|
|
|
Cost of natural gas and electricity
|
|
144,153,736
|
|
|
165,548,459
|
|
||
|
Operating expenses
|
|
32,015,352
|
|
|
25,681,691
|
|
||
|
Total operating profit
|
|
13,059,352
|
|
|
12,998,694
|
|
||
|
Interest income (expense)
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
Interest income
|
|
34,910
|
|
|
28,848
|
|
||
|
Interest expense
|
|
(468,230
|
)
|
|
(549,059
|
)
|
||
|
Total interest expense, net
|
|
(433,320
|
)
|
|
(520,211
|
)
|
||
|
Income before income taxes
|
|
12,626,032
|
|
|
12,478,483
|
|
||
|
Income taxes
|
|
89,635
|
|
|
120,351
|
|
||
|
Net income
|
|
$
|
12,536,397
|
|
|
$
|
12,358,132
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
||||||
|
|
|
Members'
|
|
Retained
|
|
Members'
|
||||||
|
|
|
Units
|
|
Earnings
|
|
Equity
|
||||||
|
Balance at December 31, 2013
|
|
$
|
1,359,114
|
|
|
$
|
13,881,974
|
|
|
$
|
15,241,088
|
|
|
Members' distributions
|
|
—
|
|
|
(12,171,072
|
)
|
|
(12,171,072
|
)
|
|||
|
Preferred guaranteed member payments
|
|
—
|
|
|
(73,000
|
)
|
|
(73,000
|
)
|
|||
|
Net income
|
|
—
|
|
|
12,358,132
|
|
|
12,358,132
|
|
|||
|
Balance at December 31, 2014
|
|
1,359,114
|
|
|
13,996,034
|
|
|
15,355,148
|
|
|||
|
Members' distributions
|
|
—
|
|
|
(18,628,279
|
)
|
|
(18,628,279
|
)
|
|||
|
Preferred guaranteed member payments
|
|
—
|
|
|
(73,000
|
)
|
|
(73,000
|
)
|
|||
|
Net income
|
|
—
|
|
|
12,536,397
|
|
|
12,536,397
|
|
|||
|
Balance at December 31, 2015
|
|
$
|
1,359,114
|
|
|
$
|
7,831,152
|
|
|
$
|
9,190,266
|
|
|
|
|
2015
|
|
2014
|
||||
|
Cash flows from operating activities
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
Net income
|
|
$
|
12,536,397
|
|
|
$
|
12,358,132
|
|
|
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
Depreciation and amortization
|
|
10,843,394
|
|
|
10,173,190
|
|
||
|
Changes in assets and liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
Accounts receivable
|
|
5,833,372
|
|
|
(1,635,840
|
)
|
||
|
Natural gas inventories
|
|
258,017
|
|
|
1,093,120
|
|
||
|
Other current assets
|
|
75,509
|
|
|
(1,533,104
|
)
|
||
|
Customer acquisition costs
|
|
(6,064,076
|
)
|
|
(7,667,627
|
)
|
||
|
Deferred advertising costs
|
|
(1,934,800
|
)
|
|
(1,018,583
|
)
|
||
|
Security deposits and other assets
|
|
(16,114
|
)
|
|
439
|
|
||
|
Accounts payable
|
|
(479,652
|
)
|
|
393,455
|
|
||
|
Accrued liabilities
|
|
6,578,234
|
|
|
2,597,209
|
|
||
|
Other liabilities
|
|
416,668
|
|
|
—
|
|
||
|
Net cash provided by operating activities
|
|
28,046,949
|
|
|
14,760,391
|
|
||
|
Cash flows from financing activities
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
Net borrowings on loans payable
|
|
(7,407,747
|
)
|
|
(2,873,467
|
)
|
||
|
Members' distributions
|
|
(18,628,279
|
)
|
|
(12,171,072
|
)
|
||
|
Preferred guaranteed member payments
|
|
(73,000
|
)
|
|
(73,000
|
)
|
||
|
Net cash used in financing activities
|
|
(26,109,026
|
)
|
|
(15,117,539
|
)
|
||
|
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
|
|
1,937,923
|
|
|
(357,148
|
)
|
||
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
Beginning of period
|
|
2,968,778
|
|
|
3,325,926
|
|
||
|
End of period
|
|
$
|
4,906,701
|
|
|
$
|
2,968,778
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
Cash paid during the period
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
Interest
|
|
$
|
488,074
|
|
|
$
|
552,467
|
|
|
Income taxes
|
|
108,158
|
|
|
139,749
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
Noncash supplemental disclosure
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
Collateral posting
|
|
$
|
1,501,756
|
|
|
$
|
1,164,331
|
|
|
Deferred advertised
|
|
1,015,200
|
|
|
518,583
|
|
||
|
|
|
As Previously Reported
|
|
Adjustments
|
|
As Revised
|
||||||
|
Combined Balance Sheet
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||
|
Assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||
|
Natural gas inventories
|
|
$
|
1,639,766
|
|
|
$
|
(939,083
|
)
|
|
$
|
700,683
|
|
|
Other current assets
|
|
3,668,764
|
|
|
939,083
|
|
|
4,607,847
|
|
|||
|
Total current assets
|
|
$
|
39,704,159
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
39,704,159
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||
|
Liabilities and Members' Equity
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||
|
Accrued liabilities
|
|
$
|
5,706,416
|
|
|
$
|
1,269,242
|
|
|
$
|
6,975,658
|
|
|
Total liabilities
|
|
31,144,059
|
|
|
1,269,242
|
|
|
32,413,301
|
|
|||
|
Members' equity
|
|
16,624,390
|
|
|
(1,269,242
|
)
|
|
15,355,148
|
|
|||
|
Total liabilities and members' equity
|
|
$
|
47,768,449
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
47,768,449
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||
|
Combined Statement of Income
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|||||
|
Sale of natural gas and electricity
|
|
$
|
204,783,000
|
|
|
$
|
(554,156
|
)
|
|
$
|
204,228,844
|
|
|
Cost of natural gas and electricity
|
|
165,268,459
|
|
|
280,000
|
|
|
165,548,459
|
|
|||
|
Gross profit
|
|
39,514,541
|
|
|
(834,156
|
)
|
|
38,680,385
|
|
|||
|
Net income
|
|
$
|
13,192,288
|
|
|
$
|
(834,156
|
)
|
|
$
|
12,358,132
|
|
|
|
|
2015
|
|
2014
|
||||
|
Billed customer accounts receivable
|
|
$
|
14,638,504
|
|
|
$
|
17,998,968
|
|
|
Unbilled customer accounts receivable
|
|
9,219,955
|
|
|
11,897,937
|
|
||
|
Budget billing receivable
|
|
195,864
|
|
|
297,530
|
|
||
|
Imbalance and other settlements
|
|
87,968
|
|
|
(218,773
|
)
|
||
|
Total accounts receivable
|
|
$
|
24,142,291
|
|
|
$
|
29,975,662
|
|
|
|
|
2015
|
|
2014
|
||||
|
Customer acquisition costs
|
|
$
|
12,872,228
|
|
|
$
|
18,051,074
|
|
|
Accumulated amortization
|
|
(7,911,199
|
)
|
|
(10,035,986
|
)
|
||
|
|
|
$
|
4,961,029
|
|
|
$
|
8,015,088
|
|
|
|
|
2015
|
|
2014
|
||||
|
Sales and gross receipts tax payable
|
|
$
|
1,109,588
|
|
|
$
|
1,761,269
|
|
|
Advertising costs payable
|
|
1,733,332
|
|
|
1,134,800
|
|
||
|
Payroll and payroll taxes
|
|
69,392
|
|
|
131,640
|
|
||
|
Payable to defined contribution plan
|
|
480,000
|
|
|
190,000
|
|
||
|
Budget billing overcharge
|
|
43,115
|
|
|
5,318
|
|
||
|
Legal settlements
|
|
4,633,027
|
|
|
962,500
|
|
||
|
Accrued REC's*
|
|
5,304,590
|
|
|
1,362,959
|
|
||
|
Other accrued liabilities*
|
|
1,196,048
|
|
|
1,427,172
|
|
||
|
Total accrued liabilities
|
|
$
|
14,569,092
|
|
|
$
|
6,975,658
|
|
|
Years Ending
|
|
|
||
|
2016
|
|
$
|
185,159
|
|
|
2017
|
|
203,328
|
|
|
|
2018
|
|
211,461
|
|
|
|
2019
|
|
219,920
|
|
|
|
2020
|
|
228,717
|
|
|
|
Total minimum lease payments
|
|
$
|
1,048,585
|
|
|
|
Page(s)
|
|
Condensed Combined Financial Statements
|
|
|
Balance Sheets as of March 31, 2016 (unaudited) and December 31, 2015
|
|
|
Statements of Income for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 (unaudited)
|
|
|
Statement of Members’ Equity for the three months ended March 31, 2016 (unaudited)
|
|
|
Statements of Cash Flows for the three months ended March 31, 2016 and 2015 (unaudited)
|
|
|
Notes to Financial Statements (unaudited)
|
|
|
|
|
March 31, 2016
|
|
December 31, 2015
|
||||
|
Assets
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
Current assets
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
|
$
|
13,537,080
|
|
|
$
|
4,906,701
|
|
|
Restricted cash
|
|
76,500
|
|
|
76,500
|
|
||
|
Accounts receivable
|
|
24,521,309
|
|
|
24,142,291
|
|
||
|
Natural gas inventories
|
|
77,671
|
|
|
442,666
|
|
||
|
Deferred advertising costs
|
|
1,558,333
|
|
|
1,683,333
|
|
||
|
Other current assets
|
|
9,685,813
|
|
|
6,034,093
|
|
||
|
Total current assets
|
|
49,456,706
|
|
|
37,285,584
|
|
||
|
Customer acquisition costs, net of accumulated amortization
|
|
4,761,954
|
|
|
4,961,029
|
|
||
|
Deferred advertising costs
|
|
612,500
|
|
|
918,750
|
|
||
|
Fixed assets, net of accumulated depreciation of $12,068 and $11,405 at March 31, 2016 and December 31, 2015, respectively
|
|
14,460
|
|
|
15,123
|
|
||
|
Security deposits and other assets
|
|
47,540
|
|
|
47,540
|
|
||
|
Total assets
|
|
$
|
54,893,160
|
|
|
$
|
43,228,026
|
|
|
Liabilities and Members' Equity
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
Current liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
Accounts payable
|
|
$
|
9,184,869
|
|
|
$
|
9,633,148
|
|
|
Accrued liabilities
|
|
15,547,297
|
|
|
14,569,092
|
|
||
|
Loans payable
|
|
14,622,365
|
|
|
9,418,852
|
|
||
|
Total current liabilities
|
|
39,354,531
|
|
|
33,621,092
|
|
||
|
Other liabilities
|
|
—
|
|
|
416,668
|
|
||
|
Total liabilities
|
|
39,354,531
|
|
|
34,037,760
|
|
||
|
Commitments and contingencies (Note 8)
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
Members' equity
|
|
15,538,629
|
|
|
9,190,266
|
|
||
|
Total liabilities and members' equity
|
|
$
|
54,893,160
|
|
|
$
|
43,228,026
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended March 31,
|
||||||
|
|
|
2016
|
|
2015
|
||||
|
Sale of natural gas and electricity
|
|
$
|
51,144,138
|
|
|
$
|
63,316,056
|
|
|
Cost of natural gas and electricity
|
|
36,898,878
|
|
|
45,575,717
|
|
||
|
Operating expenses
|
|
7,693,250
|
|
|
7,624,548
|
|
||
|
Total operating profit
|
|
6,552,010
|
|
|
10,115,791
|
|
||
|
Interest income (expense)
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
Interest income
|
|
10,520
|
|
|
8,636
|
|
||
|
Interest expense
|
|
(122,717
|
)
|
|
(150,286
|
)
|
||
|
Total interest expense, net
|
|
(112,197
|
)
|
|
(141,650
|
)
|
||
|
Income before income taxes
|
|
6,439,813
|
|
|
9,974,141
|
|
||
|
Income taxes
|
|
23,200
|
|
|
43,600
|
|
||
|
Net income
|
|
$
|
6,416,613
|
|
|
$
|
9,930,541
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total
|
||||||
|
|
|
Members'
|
|
Retained
|
|
Members'
|
||||||
|
|
|
Units
|
|
Earnings
|
|
Equity
|
||||||
|
Balance at December 31, 2015
|
|
$
|
1,359,114
|
|
|
$
|
7,831,152
|
|
|
$
|
9,190,266
|
|
|
Members' distributions
|
|
—
|
|
|
(50,000
|
)
|
|
(50,000
|
)
|
|||
|
Preferred guaranteed member payments
|
|
—
|
|
|
(18,250
|
)
|
|
(18,250
|
)
|
|||
|
Net income
|
|
—
|
|
|
6,416,613
|
|
|
6,416,613
|
|
|||
|
Balance at March 31, 2016
|
|
$
|
1,359,114
|
|
|
$
|
14,179,515
|
|
|
$
|
15,538,629
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended March 31,
|
||||||
|
|
|
2016
|
|
2015
|
||||
|
Cash flows from operating activities
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
Net income
|
|
$
|
6,416,613
|
|
|
$
|
9,930,541
|
|
|
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
Depreciation and amortization
|
|
2,729,833
|
|
|
3,067,707
|
|
||
|
Changes in assets and liabilities
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
Accounts receivable
|
|
(379,017
|
)
|
|
(3,408,084
|
)
|
||
|
Natural gas inventories
|
|
364,994
|
|
|
619,998
|
|
||
|
Other current assets
|
|
(3,651,720
|
)
|
|
849,400
|
|
||
|
Customer acquisition costs
|
|
(2,098,845
|
)
|
|
(2,512,671
|
)
|
||
|
Accounts payable
|
|
(448,279
|
)
|
|
(1,027,783
|
)
|
||
|
Accrued liabilities
|
|
978,205
|
|
|
(705,356
|
)
|
||
|
Other liabilities
|
|
(416,668
|
)
|
|
—
|
|
||
|
Net cash provided by operating activities
|
|
3,495,116
|
|
|
6,813,752
|
|
||
|
Cash flows from financing activities
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
Net borrowings on loans payable
|
|
5,203,513
|
|
|
(4,790,016
|
)
|
||
|
Members' distributions
|
|
(50,000
|
)
|
|
(4,250,004
|
)
|
||
|
Preferred guaranteed member payments
|
|
(18,250
|
)
|
|
(18,250
|
)
|
||
|
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
|
|
5,135,263
|
|
|
(9,058,270
|
)
|
||
|
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
|
|
8,630,379
|
|
|
(2,244,518
|
)
|
||
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
Beginning of period
|
|
4,906,701
|
|
|
2,968,778
|
|
||
|
End of period
|
|
$
|
13,537,080
|
|
|
$
|
724,260
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
Cash paid during the period
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
Interest
|
|
$
|
122,593
|
|
|
$
|
167,359
|
|
|
Income taxes
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
||
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
Noncash supplemental disclosure
|
|
|
|
|
||||
|
Collateral posting
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
1,500,000
|
|
|
|
|
March 31, 2016
|
|
December 31, 2015
|
||||
|
Billed customer accounts receivable
|
|
$
|
16,343,654
|
|
|
$
|
14,638,504
|
|
|
Unbilled customer accounts receivable
|
|
7,683,580
|
|
|
9,219,955
|
|
||
|
Budget billing receivable
|
|
500,207
|
|
|
195,864
|
|
||
|
Imbalance and other settlements
|
|
(6,132
|
)
|
|
87,968
|
|
||
|
Total accounts receivable
|
|
$
|
24,521,309
|
|
|
$
|
24,142,291
|
|
|
|
|
March 31, 2016
|
|
December 31, 2015
|
||||
|
Customer acquisition costs
|
|
$
|
12,238,843
|
|
|
$
|
12,872,228
|
|
|
Accumulated amortization
|
|
(7,476,889
|
)
|
|
(7,911,199
|
)
|
||
|
|
|
$
|
4,761,954
|
|
|
$
|
4,961,029
|
|
|
|
|
March 31, 2016
|
|
December 31, 2015
|
||||
|
Sales and gross receipts tax payable
|
|
$
|
958,959
|
|
|
$
|
1,109,588
|
|
|
Advertising costs payable
|
|
1,525,000
|
|
|
1,733,332
|
|
||
|
Payroll and payroll taxes
|
|
140,132
|
|
|
69,392
|
|
||
|
Payable to defined contribution plan
|
|
550,000
|
|
|
480,000
|
|
||
|
Budget billing overcharge
|
|
9,063
|
|
|
43,115
|
|
||
|
Legal settlements
|
|
4,632,994
|
|
|
4,633,027
|
|
||
|
Accrued renewable energy credits
|
|
7,134,713
|
|
|
5,304,590
|
|
||
|
Other accrued liabilities
|
|
596,436
|
|
|
1,196,048
|
|
||
|
Total accrued liabilities
|
|
$
|
15,547,297
|
|
|
$
|
14,569,092
|
|
|
•
|
The acquisition of the Major Energy Companies by NG&E, which closed on April 15, 2016 and was accounted for as a business combination using the acquisition method of accounting. NG&E paid $40 million in cash and assumed liabilities for litigation settlements of $5 million at closing of the acquisition. The purchase also included $15 million in installment consideration subject to achievement of certain performance targets and up to an estimated $20 million in earnouts over the next 33 months subject to achievement of certain performance targets.
|
|
•
|
The pending acquisition of the Major Energy Companies by Spark from NG&E, which is an entity under common control with Spark, will be accounted for as a transfer of equity interests of entities under common control using the pooling of interests method. This transaction will be financed through the issuance of two million shares of Class B common stock (and a corresponding number of Spark HoldCo units) at the closing and will include Spark assuming the $5 million litigation settlements and the installment consideration and earnouts described above in addition to a potential earnout of an additional 200,000 Class B common shares depending on achievement of performance targets.
|
|
•
|
the separate historical audited financial statements of Spark as of and for the year ended December 31, 2015 included in Spark's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2015;
|
|
•
|
the separate historical unaudited financial statements of Spark as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2016 included in Spark's Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the three months ended March 31, 2016;
|
|
•
|
the separate historical audited combined financial statements of the Major Energy Companies as of and for the year ended December 31, 2015, which are included as Exhibit 99.1 to this Current Report on Form 8-K; and
|
|
•
|
the separate historical unaudited combined financial statements of the Major Energy Companies as of and for the three months ended March 31, 2016, which are included as Exhibit 99.2 to this current Report on Form 8-K.
|
|
|
Historical Spark
|
Major Energy Companies
|
|
Reclassification
|
|
Acquisition Adjustments
|
|
Spark Pro Forma
|
||||||||||
|
Assets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||
|
Currents assets:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||
|
Cash and cash equivalents
|
$
|
2,949
|
|
$
|
13,537
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
16,486
|
|
|
Restricted cash
|
—
|
|
77
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
77
|
|
|||||
|
Accounts receivable
|
53,968
|
|
24,521
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
78,489
|
|
|||||
|
Accounts receivable—affiliates
|
2,112
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
2,112
|
|
|||||
|
Inventory
|
181
|
|
—
|
|
|
78
|
|
(g)
|
—
|
|
|
259
|
|
|||||
|
Natural gas inventories
|
—
|
|
78
|
|
|
(78
|
)
|
(g)
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|||||
|
Fair value of derivative assets
|
240
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
240
|
|
|||||
|
Customer acquisition costs, net
|
13,026
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
13,026
|
|
|||||
|
Deferred advertising costs, current
|
—
|
|
1,558
|
|
|
|
|
(1,558
|
)
|
(a)
|
—
|
|
||||||
|
Customer relationships, net
|
5,698
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
8,076
|
|
(a1)
|
13,774
|
|
|||||
|
Prepaid assets
|
1,597
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1,597
|
|
|||||
|
Deposits
|
7,073
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
7,073
|
|
|||||
|
Other current assets
|
4,537
|
|
9,686
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
14,223
|
|
|||||
|
Total current assets
|
91,381
|
|
49,457
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
6,518
|
|
|
147,356
|
|
|||||
|
Property and equipment, net
|
4,755
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
15
|
|
(a2)
|
4,770
|
|
|||||
|
Fixed asset, net of accumulated depreciation
|
—
|
|
14
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(14
|
)
|
(a2)
|
—
|
|
|||||
|
Customer acquisition costs, net
|
2,381
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
2,381
|
|
|||||
|
Customer acquisition costs, net of accumulated amortization
|
—
|
|
4,762
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(4,762
|
)
|
(a)
|
—
|
|
|||||
|
Deferred advertising costs
|
—
|
|
613
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(613
|
)
|
(a)
|
—
|
|
|||||
|
Customer relationships, net
|
5,512
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
24,228
|
|
(a1)
|
29,740
|
|
|||||
|
Deferred tax assets
|
34,531
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
(h)
|
34,531
|
|
|||||
|
Goodwill
|
18,379
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
43,552
|
|
(a4)
|
61,931
|
|
|||||
|
Other assets
|
2,501
|
|
—
|
|
|
47
|
|
(g)
|
3,957
|
|
(a3), (a)
|
6,505
|
|
|||||
|
Security deposits and other assets
|
—
|
|
47
|
|
|
(47
|
)
|
(g)
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|||||
|
Total assets
|
159,440
|
|
54,893
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
72,881
|
|
|
287,214
|
|
|||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||
|
Liabilities and Stockholder's Equity
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||
|
Current liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||
|
Accounts payable
|
23,207
|
|
9,185
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
32,392
|
|
|||||
|
Accounts payable—affiliates
|
3,910
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
3,910
|
|
|||||
|
Accrued liabilities
|
11,885
|
|
15,547
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
367
|
|
(b)
|
27,799
|
|
|||||
|
Loans payable
|
—
|
|
14,622
|
|
(d)
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
14,622
|
|
|||||
|
Fair value of derivative liabilities
|
9,719
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
6,553
|
|
(f)
|
16,272
|
|
|||||
|
Current portion of Senior Credit Facility
|
10,306
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
13,178
|
|
(i)
|
23,484
|
|
|||||
|
Current deferred tax liability
|
1,407
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1,407
|
|
|||||
|
Other current liabilities
|
2,878
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
6,420
|
|
(c)
|
9,298
|
|
|||||
|
Total current liabilities
|
63,312
|
|
39,354
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
26,518
|
|
|
129,184
|
|
|||||
|
Long-term liabilities:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||
|
Fair value of derivative liabilities
|
546
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
706
|
|
(f)
|
1,252
|
|
|||||
|
Long-term payable pursuant to tax receivable agreement - affiliates
|
29,592
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
29,592
|
|
|||||
|
Long-term portion of Senior Credit Facility
|
13,266
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
13,266
|
|
|||||
|
Non-current deferred tax liability
|
854
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
(h)
|
854
|
|
|||||
|
Convertible subordinated notes to affiliates
|
6,466
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
6,466
|
|
|||||
|
Other long-term liabilities
|
1,723
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
21,196
|
|
(c)
|
22,919
|
|
|||||
|
Total liabilities
|
115,759
|
|
39,354
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
48,420
|
|
|
203,533
|
|
|||||
|
Stockholders' equity:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||
|
Common stock Class A
|
41
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
41
|
|
|||||
|
Common stock Class B
|
98
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
20
|
|
(e)
|
118
|
|
|||||
|
Member's equity
|
—
|
|
15,539
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(15,539
|
)
|
(a)
|
—
|
|
|||||
|
Additional paid-in capital
|
16,600
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
16,600
|
|
|||||
|
Retained earnings
|
1,314
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1,314
|
|
|||||
|
Total stockholders' equity
|
18,053
|
|
15,539
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(15,519
|
)
|
|
18,073
|
|
|||||
|
Non-controlling interest in Spark HoldCo, LLC
|
25,628
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
39,980
|
|
(e)
|
65,608
|
|
|||||
|
Total equity
|
43,681
|
|
15,539
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
24,461
|
|
|
83,681
|
|
|||||
|
Total liabilities and equity
|
$
|
159,440
|
|
$
|
54,893
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
72,881
|
|
|
$
|
287,214
|
|
|
(a)
|
To remove the Major Energy Companies' equity, capitalized advertising costs, capitalized customer acquisition costs and non-current other assets as well as to record the Purchase Price Allocation for identifiable assets of the acquisition as listed in items 1 through 4 below.
|
|
1
|
To record the fair value of Customer Intangibles, which includes: -- The asset corresponding to the MTM liability value in Note (f), which is not an increase to the purchase price but rather an assumption of a liability valued at fair value. -- The value of customer contracts.
|
|
2
|
To record change in Property and Equipment to fair value the assets.
|
|
3
|
To record the fair value of Trademarks acquired of $4.0 million.
|
|
4
|
To record the assembled workforce and remaining assets to Goodwill.
|
|
(b)
|
To record the remainder of the $5.0 million contingency assumed in the acquisition transactions in calculating the consideration transferred. The contingent liability represents future litigation settlements of which $4.6 million was recorded on the Major Energy Companies' financial statements as of March 31, 2016.
|
|
(c)
|
To record the estimated future earnout and installment payments, of which $6.4 million will be due within one year after the acquisition by NG&E with the remaining $21.2 million recorded as a long-term liability.
|
|
(d)
|
To note that the current loans payable on the Major Energy Companies' balance sheet represents the amount owed to the sleeve contract provider, which will stay in place upon acquisition by Spark.
|
|
(e)
|
To record the equity issuance of two million Class B common shares at $20 per share as initial purchase consideration by Spark, which also equals the cash consideration transferred upon closing of the acquisition by NG&E on April 15, 2016.
|
|
(f)
|
To record the fair value derivative liability position of derivatives acquired in the acquisition by NG&E, valued as of April 15, 2016. The Major Energy Companies historically took the normal purchase normal sale exemption and did not have its mark to market position on its balance sheet.
|
|
(g)
|
Represents the reclassification of line items of the Major Energy Companies' financials to the comparable Spark financial statement line item.
|
|
(h)
|
The initial purchase of membership interests in the Major Energy Companies will be treated as an asset purchase for tax purposes. Management has assumed that book basis will be substantially equal to tax basis. Further, management gave no consideration to the effect of the acquisition transactions on the deferred tax assets that result from Spark’s tax receivable agreement.
|
|
(i)
|
To record the borrowings Spark will incur against its existing Senior Credit Facility line to purchase working capital.
|
|
Cash
|
$
|
13,614
|
|
|
Net working capital, net of cash acquired
|
(436
|
)
|
|
|
Regulatory liability assumed
|
(5,000
|
)
|
|
|
Property and equipment
|
15
|
|
|
|
Intangible assets - customer relationships
|
32,304
|
|
|
|
Intangible assets - trademarks
|
4,004
|
|
|
|
Goodwill
|
43,552
|
|
|
|
Fair value of derivative liabilities
|
(7,259
|
)
|
|
|
Total purchase price, including working capital
|
80,794
|
|
|
|
Earnouts and contingent payments
|
(27,616
|
)
|
|
|
Total cash purchase price, including working capital
|
53,178
|
|
|
|
Cash borrowed to acquire working capital
|
(13,178
|
)
|
|
|
Total cash purchase price, excluding working capital
|
$
|
40,000
|
|
|
|
Historical Spark
|
Major Energy Companies
|
|
Reclassification
|
|
Acquisition Adjustments
|
|
Spark Pro Forma
|
||||||||||
|
Revenues:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|||||||||
|
Retail revenues
|
$
|
356,659
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
189,228
|
|
(e)
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
545,887
|
|
|
Sale of natural gas and electricity
|
—
|
|
189,228
|
|
|
(189,228
|
)
|
(e)
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|||||
|
Net asset optimization
|
1,494
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
1,494
|
|
|||||
|
Total revenues
|
358,153
|
|
189,228
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
547,381
|
|
|||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||
|
Operating expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||
|
Retail cost of revenues
|
241,188
|
|
—
|
|
|
144,154
|
|
(e)
|
(4,111
|
)
|
(a)
|
381,231
|
|
|||||
|
Cost of natural gas and electricity
|
—
|
|
144,154
|
|
|
(144,154
|
)
|
(e)
|
|
|
—
|
|
||||||
|
General and administrative
|
61,682
|
|
—
|
|
|
22,894
|
|
(e)
|
3,200
|
|
(b)
|
87,776
|
|
|||||
|
Depreciation and amortization
|
25,378
|
|
—
|
|
|
9,121
|
|
(e)
|
8,477
|
|
(c)
|
42,976
|
|
|||||
|
Operating expenses
|
—
|
|
32,015
|
|
|
(32,015
|
)
|
(e)
|
|
|
—
|
|
||||||
|
Total operating expenses
|
328,248
|
|
176,169
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
7,566
|
|
|
511,983
|
|
|||||
|
Operating income (loss)
|
29,905
|
|
13,059
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(7,566
|
)
|
|
35,398
|
|
|||||
|
Other (expense)/income:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||
|
Interest expense
|
(2,280
|
)
|
(468
|
)
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(2,748
|
)
|
|||||
|
Interest and other income
|
324
|
|
35
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
359
|
|
|||||
|
Total other expenses
|
(1,956
|
)
|
(433
|
)
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(2,389
|
)
|
|||||
|
Income (loss) before income tax expense
|
27,949
|
|
12,626
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(7,566
|
)
|
|
33,009
|
|
|||||
|
Income tax expense
|
1,974
|
|
90
|
|
|
|
|
373
|
|
(d)
|
2,437
|
|
||||||
|
Net income (loss)
|
25,975
|
|
12,536
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(7,939
|
)
|
|
30,572
|
|
|||||
|
Less: Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests
|
22,110
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(6,401
|
)
|
(g)
|
15,709
|
|
|||||
|
Net income (loss) attributable to Spark Energy, Inc. stockholders
|
3,865
|
|
12,536
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(1,538
|
)
|
|
14,863
|
|
|||||
|
Other comprehensive income (loss):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|||||||||
|
Deferred gain (loss) from cash flow hedges
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|||||
|
Reclassification of deferred gain (loss) from cash flow hedges into net income
|
—
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|||||
|
Comprehensive income (loss)
|
$
|
25,975
|
|
$
|
12,536
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
(7,939
|
)
|
|
$
|
30,572
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||
|
Net income attributable to Spark Energy, Inc. per share of Class A common stock
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||
|
Basic
|
$
|
1.26
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
4.85
|
|
|||||
|
Diluted
|
$
|
1.06
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
1.27
|
|
|||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||
|
Weighted average shares of Class A common stock
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||
|
Basic
|
3,064
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
|
|
(f)
|
3,064
|
|
|||||||
|
Diluted
|
3,327
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
|
|
(f)
|
16,078
|
|
|||||||
|
(a)
|
Represents the mark to market change of derivatives during the period presented for the Major Energy Companies, who historically took the normal purchase normal sale exemption and did not have its mark to market impacts on the statement of operations.
|
|
(b)
|
Represents expenses incurred as a result of the acquisition, including payments of bonuses and legal fees that arose in connection with the acquisition by NG&E.
|
|
(c)
|
Represents depreciation and amortization on property, plant and equipment and amortizable intangible assets, respectively, recorded in connection with the acquisition transactions. Note that the following useful lives were utilized for calculating depreciation and amortization on a straight-line basis: 4 years for Customer Intangibles, 10 years for Trademarks, and 3 years for Property, Plant and Equipment.
|
|
(d)
|
To record the provision for income tax expense. The pro forma adjustment to income tax expense differs from the statutory rate primarily based on income attributable to the noncontrolling interest for the period ended December 31, 2015. Prior to the acquisition by Spark, the Major Energy Companies were treated as partnerships for federal and state income tax purposes and therefore did not have a provision for income taxes. The pro forma combined income tax expense does not reflect the amount that would have resulted had Spark and the Major Energy Companies filed a consolidated income tax return during the period presented. The effective tax rate of the combined company could be significantly different depending on post-acquisition activities, including changes in noncontrolling interest, geographical mix of income and effects of the tax receivable agreement that were not considered in these pro forma statements.
|
|
(e)
|
Represents the reclassification of line items of the Major Energy Companies' financials to the comparable Spark financial statement line item.
|
|
(f)
|
To reflect the impact on weighted average shares outstanding used in calculating basic and diluted earnings per share for the issuance of the two million Class B common shares in the Spark acquisition of the Major Energy Companies from NG&E for the year ended December 31, 2015.
|
|
(g)
|
Represents the split of net income to the non-controlling interest based on the weighted average non-controlling interest ownership during the period presented.
|
|
|
Historical Spark
|
Major Energy Companies
|
|
Reclassification
|
|
Acquisition Adjustments
|
|
Spark Pro Forma
|
||||||||||
|
Revenues:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
—
|
|
|||||||||
|
Retail revenues
|
$
|
110,019
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
51,144
|
|
(d)
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
161,163
|
|
|
Sale of natural gas and electricity
|
—
|
|
51,144
|
|
|
(51,144
|
)
|
(d)
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|||||
|
Net asset optimization
|
527
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
527
|
|
|||||
|
Total revenues
|
110,546
|
|
51,144
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
161,690
|
|
|||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||
|
Operating expenses:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||
|
Retail cost of revenues
|
68,800
|
|
—
|
|
|
36,899
|
|
(d)
|
2,544
|
|
(a)
|
108,243
|
|
|||||
|
Cost of natural gas and electricity
|
—
|
|
36,899
|
|
|
(36,899
|
)
|
(d)
|
|
|
—
|
|
||||||
|
General and administrative
|
17,380
|
|
—
|
|
|
5,394
|
|
(d)
|
|
|
22,774
|
|
||||||
|
Depreciation and amortization
|
6,789
|
|
—
|
|
|
2,299
|
|
(d)
|
2,119
|
|
(b)
|
11,207
|
|
|||||
|
Operating expenses
|
—
|
|
7,693
|
|
|
(7,693
|
)
|
(d)
|
|
|
—
|
|
||||||
|
Total operating expenses
|
92,969
|
|
44,592
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
4,663
|
|
|
142,224
|
|
|||||
|
Operating income (loss)
|
17,577
|
|
6,552
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(4,663
|
)
|
|
19,466
|
|
|||||
|
Other (expense)/income:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||
|
Interest expense
|
(753
|
)
|
(123
|
)
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(876
|
)
|
|||||
|
Interest and other income
|
(95
|
)
|
11
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(84
|
)
|
|||||
|
Total other expenses
|
(848
|
)
|
(112
|
)
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(960
|
)
|
|||||
|
Income (loss) before income tax expense
|
16,729
|
|
6,440
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(4,663
|
)
|
|
18,506
|
|
|||||
|
Income tax expense
|
988
|
|
23
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
160
|
|
(c)
|
1,171
|
|
|||||
|
Net income (loss)
|
15,741
|
|
6,417
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(4,823
|
)
|
|
17,335
|
|
|||||
|
Less: Net income (loss) attributable to non-controlling interests
|
11,568
|
|
—
|
|
|
—
|
|
|
(3,682
|
)
|
(f)
|
7,886
|
|
|||||
|
Net income (loss) attributable to Spark Energy, Inc. stockholders
|
$
|
4,173
|
|
$
|
6,417
|
|
|
$
|
—
|
|
|
$
|
(1,141
|
)
|
|
$
|
9,449
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||
|
Net income attributable to Spark Energy, Inc. per share of Class A common stock
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||
|
Basic
|
$
|
1.11
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
2.52
|
|
|||||
|
Diluted
|
$
|
0.68
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$
|
0.66
|
|
|||||
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||
|
Weighted average shares of Class A common stock
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
||||||||||
|
Basic
|
3,756
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
|
|
(e)
|
3,756
|
|
|||||||
|
Diluted
|
14,520
|
|
N/A
|
|
|
|
|
|
(e)
|
16,519
|
|
|||||||
|
(a)
|
Represents the mark to market change of derivatives during the period presented for the Major Energy Companies, who historically took the normal purchase normal sale exemption and did not have its mark to market impacts on the statement of operations.
|
|
(b)
|
Represents depreciation and amortization on property, plant and equipment and amortizable intangible assets, respectively, recorded in connection with the acquisition transactions. Note that the following useful lives were utilized for calculating depreciation and amortization on a straight-line basis: 4 years for Customer Intangibles, 10 years for Trademarks, and 3 years for Property, Plant and Equipment.
|
|
(c)
|
To record the provision for income tax expense. The pro forma adjustment to income tax expense differs from the statutory rate primarily based on income attributable to the noncontrolling interest for the period ended March 31, 2016. Prior to the acquisition by Spark, the Major Energy Companies were treated as partnerships for federal and state income tax purposes and therefore did not have a provision for income taxes. The pro forma combined income tax expense does not reflect the amount that would have resulted had Spark and the Major Energy Companies filed a consolidated income tax return during the period presented. The effective tax rate of the combined company could be significantly different depending on post-acquisition activities, including changes in noncontrolling interest, geographical mix of income and effects of the tax receivable agreement that were not considered in these pro forma statements.
|
|
(d)
|
Represents the reclassification of line items of the Major Energy Companies' financials to the comparable Spark financial statement line item.
|
|
(e)
|
To reflect the impact on weighted average shares outstanding used in calculating basic and diluted earnings per share for the issuance of the two million Class B common shares in the Spark acquisition of the Major Energy Companies from NG&E for the quarter ended March 31, 2016.
|
|
(f)
|
Represents the split of net income to the non-controlling interest based on the weighted average non-controlling interest ownership during the period presented.
|